uhm... you are well aware of the fact that there is only one race of humans, right?
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The Answer Book Chapter 18(Pages 220 - 223)
There is really only one race--the human race. The Bible teaches us that God has "made of one blood all nations of men" (Acts 17:26). (frwl: Italices mine) Scripture distinguishes people by tribal or national groupings, not by skin color or physical features. Clearly, though, there are groups of people who have certain features (e.g., skin color) in common, which distinguish them from other groups. We prefer to call these "people groups" rather than "races," to avoid the evolutionary connotations associated with the word "race."
All peoples can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. This shows that the biological differences between the "races" are not very great. In fact, the DNA differences are trivial. The DNA of any two people in the world would tipically differ by just 0.2 percent. {Footnote: J.C. Gutin, "End of the Rainbow,"
Discover November 1994, p. 71-75} Of this, only 6 percent can be linked to racial categories; the rest is "within race" variation.
"This genetic unity means, for instance, that white Americans, although ostensibly far removed from black Americans in phenotype, can sometimes be better tissue matches for them than are other black Americans." {Footnote: Ibid.}
Anthropologists generally classify people into a small number of main racial groups, such as the Caucasoid (European or "white") {Footnote: However, people inhabiting the Indian subcontinent are mainly Caucasian and their skin color ranges from light brown to quite dark. Even within Europe, skin color ranges from very pale to brown.} Mongoloid (which includes the Chinese, Inuit or Eskimo, and Native Americans), the Negroid (black Africans), and the Australoid (the Australian Aborigines). Within each classification, there may be many different sub-groups.
Virtually all evolutionists would now say that the various people groups did not have separate origins. That is, different people groups did not each evolve from a different group of animals. So they would agree with the biblical creationist that all people groups have come from the same original population. Of course, they believe that such groups as the Aborigines and the Chinese have had many tens of thousands of years of separation. Most people believe that there are such vast differences between groups that there
had to be many years for these differences to develop.
One reason for this is that many people believe that the observable differences arise from some people having unique features in their hereditary make-up which others lack. This is an understandable but incorrect idea. Let's look at skin color, for instance. It is easy to think that since different groups of people have "yellow" skin, "red" skin, "black" skin, "white" skin, and "brown" skin, there must be many different skin pigments or colorings. And since different chemicals for coloring would mean a different genetic recipe or code in the hereditary blueprint in each people group, it appears to be a real problem. How could all those differences develop within a short time?
However, we all have the same coloring pigment in our skin, melanin. This is a dark-brownish pigment that is produced in different amounts in special cells in our skin. If we had
none (as do people called albinos, who inherit a mutation-caused defect, and cannot produce melanin), then we would have a very white or pink skin coloring. If we produced a little melanin, we would then be European white. If our skin produced a great deal of melanin, we would be a very dark black. And inbetween, of course, are all shades of brown. There are no other significant skin pigments. {see endnote}
In summary, from currently available information, the really important factor in determining skin color is melanin--the amount produced.
This situation is true not only for skin color. {frwl: Italices mine} Generally, whatever feature we may look at, no people group has anything that is essentially different from that possessed by any other. For example, the Asian, or almond, eye differs from a typical Caucasian eye in having more fat. Both Asian and Caucasian eyes have fat--the latter simply have less.
What does melanin do? It protects the skin against damage by ultraviolet light from the sun. If you have too little melanin in a very sunny enviroment, you will easily suffer sunburn and skin cancer. If you have a great deal of melanin, and you live in a country where there is little sunshine, it will be harder for you to get enough vatamin D (which needs sunshine for its production in your body). You may then suffer from vitamin D deficiency, which could cause a bone disorder such as rickets.
We also need to be aware that we are not born with a geneticlally fixed amount of melanin. Rather, we have a genetically fixed
potential to produce a certain amount, and the amount increases in response to sunlight. For example, you may have noticed that when your Caucasian friends (who spent their time indoors during winter) headed for the beach at the beginning of summer they all had more or less the same pale white skin color. As the summer went on, however, some became much darker than others.
How is it that many different skin colors can arise in a short time? Remember, whenever we speak of different "colors" we are referring to different shades of one color, melanin.
If a person from a very black people group marries someone from a very white group, their offspring (called mulattos) are midbrown. It has long been known that when mulattos marry eachother, their offspring may be virtually any "color," ranging from very dark to very light. Understanding this gives us the clues we need to answer our question {frwl: That question being "How did all the different "races" arise from Noah's Family?" The next section is omitted just because I don't want to type the whole chapter}...
Endnote: Other substances can in minor ways affect skin shading, sucha s the colored fibers of the protein elastin and the pigment carotene. However, once again we all share these same compounds, and the principles governing their inheritance are similar to those outlined here. Factors other than pigment in the skin may influence the shade perceived by the observer in subtle ways, such as the thickness of the overlying (clear) skin layers, the density and positioning of the blood c apillary networks, etc. In fact, "melanin," which is produced by cells in the body called melanocytes, consists of two pigments, which also account for hair color. Eumelanin is very dark brown, phaeomelanin is more redish. People tan when sunlight stimulates eumelanin production. Redheads, who are often unable to develop a protective tan, have a high proportion of phaeomelanin. The have probably inherited a defective gene which makes their pigment cells "unable to respond to normal signals that stimulate eumelanin production." See P. Cohen, "Redheads Come Out of the Shade,"
New Scientist 147(1997):18, 1995.
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Sorry if that was a bit much or too scientific from some CAA members, but I am convinced that these types of issues are of vital importance to the entire mesage of the Bible and the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Understanding that the creation and early-humanity stories (Geneis 1-11) are 100% true is key to understand why Jesus even came to earth.